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Appositives, the twins of Grammarville
Appositives, the twins of Grammarville

Imagine this village, Grammarville, with three pairs of twins who’re like the grammar concept called appositives: the Siamese twins – super attached, just like how necessary appositives are for a sentence’s meaning; non-identical twins – not-so-tied, giving extra details like non-restrictive appositives; and mischievous identical twins ¬– context, like knowing which twin’s who, decides their use. Identifying twins needs attention – so is the case for editors!

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Mr Venn, tell me more
Mr Venn, tell me more

The last post explained how restrictive (or defining) relative clauses create a proper subset of a set. In other words, these clauses classify the noun into two: one that is governed by the relative clause definition; the other that is not. But an important...

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A nerd and some hyphens

I have wondered what difference it will make when a reader sees an en dash. Will he think that it was some wrongly elongated hyphen, or will she make some educated guess? When I began as a copy editor, I hardly imagined that hyphens and en dashes are making the lives...

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amusing abbreviations

I came across the abbreviation MEXT, which stands for the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. You expect the abbreviation to be MECSST. Someone was ingenious, thought MECSST was boring, and suggested MEXT - the way MECSST will be pronounced...

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